ShldGeneric

Last updated: 2024-10-29

shldr-gnric-01.mp4 10:17

This subassembly inserts a paved or Unpaved shoulder with all pavement, base, subbase, and subgrade improvement layers per WisDOT FDM 11-5-15. In addition, Use 3 inch Aggregate input determines whether the optional 3" of ¾" Aggregate is placed on the foreslope of the shoulder, from the bottom of the ¾" base layer adjacent to the paved shoulder to the subgrade shoulder point as shown in WisDOT FDM 14-5-01. The foreslope may be held constant according the Shoulder foreslope input parameter, or it can vary with a superelevation assignment or slope from profile target.

Shoulder width

The shoulder is inserted using widths and thickness parameters provided. If the Unpaved Width target offset is inside of the Paved width target, the Unpaved width is set to zero. There are two options for targeting the paved and unpaved shoulder widths. The first option is to use a horizontal target. The second option is to use a profile target, where the profile elevations are interpreted as width values. When both a horizontal and profile target is established, the profile target supersedes the horizontal target.

Pavement depth of adjacent lane

All base course thicknesses are measured vertically downward above layer. The thickness of the base located above the Pave1 layer (bottom of adjacent lane pavement) is defined by the Adjacent lane pavement thickness input. This thickness cannot be less than the Pavement thickness parameter which defines the thickness of the paved shoulder. If the Adjacent lane pavement thickness input is less than the Pavement thickness input, the value will be set equal to the Pavement thickness.

Methods of determining paved and unpaved shoulder slopes

When a User define slope is used in the Paved shoulder superelevation type and/or Unpaved shoulder superelevation type, the following logic is followed for calculating the slope of the paved and Unpaved portions of the shoulder:

When Paved shoulder superelevation type and/or Unpaved shoulder superelevation type are set to User defined, the slopes of the paved and Unpaved portion of the shoulder are controlled by the inputs for the Paved shoulder slope and/or Unpaved shoulder slope parameters, unless a parameter reference is set for those two values. If a parameter reference is set for Paved shoulder slope and/or Unpaved shoulder slope, then the adjacent lane's pavement slope (read in by parameter reference) is used to override the user defined values.

Rollover consideration

When Paved shoulder superelevation type is set to User defined, the paved shoulder slope value can be overridden by Rollover considerations. If the algebraic difference between Paved shoulder slopevalue and "calculated adjacent lane slope" exceeds theMax rollover rate then the Paved shoulder slopevalue will be overridden and paved shoulder slope is calculated so that the algebraic difference between paved shoulder slope value and "calculated adjacent lane slope" equals the Max rollover rate. Method to obtain slope of adjacent laneinput parameter is used to determine "calculated adjacent lane slope" value. Example #1 rollover exceeded scenario:

  • Paved shoulder superelevation type = User defined
  • Unpaved shoulder superelevation type = Match paved shoulder
  • Paved shoulder slope = -4.0%
  • Method to obtain slope of adjacent lane = Use outside lane SE
  • Baseline Outside Lane SE = 5.0%

  • Max rollover rate = 7.0%

In example #1 scenario the Paved shoulder slope value is overridden by Rollover considerations because the algebraic difference between Paved shoulder slopevalue and "calculated adjacent lane slope" exceeds theMax rollover rate. (5% -(-4%)) = 9%; 9% > 7%. A new paved shoulder slope will be calculated by the subassembly to be (Calculated Adjacent Lane Slope) – (Max rollover rate) = 5% - 7% = -2%. Unpaved shoulder slope will also = -2% because it must match the paved shoulder slope.

When Unpaved shoulder superelevation type is set to User defined, the Unpaved shoulder slope can be overridden by Rollover considerations. After paved shoulder slope value is determined, if the algebraic difference between paved shoulder slope value and Unpaved shoulder slope exceeds the Max rollover rate then the Unpaved shoulder slope value will be overridden and Unpaved shoulder slope value is calculated so that the algebraic difference between paved shoulder slope value and Unpaved shoulder slope equals the Max rollover rate. Example #2 rollover exceeded scenario (integral shoulder pavement):

  • Paved shoulder superelevation type = Outside Lane SE
  • Unpaved Shoulder superelevation type = Fixed Slope
  • Baseline Outside Lane SE = 6.0%
  • Unpaved shoulder slope = -4.0%

  • Max rollover rate = 7.0%

In example #2 scenario the Unpaved shoulder slope value is overridden by Rollover considerations because the algebraic difference between Unpaved shoulder slope value and paved shoulder slope value exceeds the Max rollover rate. (6% -(-4%)) = 10%; 10% > 7%. A new Unpaved shoulder slope will be calculated by the subassembly to be (paved shoulder slope) – (Max rollover rate) = 6% - 7% = -1%.

When User defined is not used in the Paved shoulder superelevation type and/or Unpaved shoulder superelevation type, the following logic is followed for calculating the slope of the paved and unpaved portions of the shoulder:

When Paved shoulder superelevation type and/or Unpaved shoulder superelevation type are set to and of the baseline superelevation categories, the slopes of the paved and Unpaved portion of the shoulder are controlled by the shoulder SE rates defined for the baseline alignment. If no shoulder SE rates are defined for the baseline alignment, slopes values are defined by the Paved shoulder slope and Unpaved shoulder slope inputs.

When Match Paved Shoulder is used for Unpaved shoulder superelevation type, the slope of the Unpaved portion of shoulder will always be set equal to the Paved shoulder slope (as determined by Paved shoulder superelevation type and accompanying logic).

Subgrade (datum) slope

The slope of the subgrade (datum) is controlled by the Subgrade superelevation method parameter. User has the option of entering a user defined slope to be used, following the insertion side superelevation defined for the baseline alignment, following the opposite side superelevation multiplied by -1.0, matching paved shoulder slope as determined by Paved shoulder superelevation type, or matching Unpaved shoulder slope as determined by Unpaved shoulder superelevation type. When Subgrade SE Method is set to User defined, this slope is obtained from input parameter Subgrade slope which can be controlled using a Parameter Reference that sets the slope equal to that of the subgrade surface of an adjacent lane.

Base layer slopes

The slope of all base layer surfaces are controlled by the Base layer slope method. User has the option of entering a user defined slope to be used, following the insertion side superelevation defined for the baseline alignment, following the opposite side superelevation multiplied by -1.0, or matching subgrade slope (as determined by Subgrade superelevation method and accompanying logic).

Shoulder foreslopes

The shoulder foreslope is obtained using the Method to set shoulder foreslope and Method to set subgrade improvement foreslope parameters. The Method to set subgrade improvement foreslope parameter is only active when a subgrade improvement layer is present. For both parameters, there are the following options available:

  • User defined: Typically used for constant slope applications. This sets the foreslope to the value given for the Shoulder foreslope input parameter.
  • Slope from target profile elevation: Typically used for variable slope applications. This sets the foreslope according to the elevation of a targeted profile. The profile elevation is interpreted as a slope value.

  • Inside lane SE, Outside lane SE, Inside shoulder SE, Outside shoulder SE: Typically used for variable slope applications. This sets the foreslope according to the baseline superelevation category assigned. If the baseline does not have superelevation assigned to the chosen category, the Shoulder foreslope parameter is used.

The Method to set subgrade improvement foreslope has the additional Follow shoulder foreslope option. This option sets the subgrade improvement foreslope equal to the shoulder foreslope.

If a value of 0 is used for the Shoulder foreslope, a near vertical link is drawn from the edge of shoulder down to the subgrade (datum) layer. The subgrade improvement foreslope options are then deactivated.

Subgrade improvement

The Subgrade improvement surface is drawn at a width defined by Subgrade improvement width measured from the origin of the subassembly. If this parameter is set to 0 ft., the distance used will be equal to the Paved width + Unpaved width parameters (edge of shoulder). There are two options for targeting the subgrade improvement width. The first option is to use a horizontal target. The second option is to use a profile target, where the profile elevations are interpreted as width values. When both a horizontal and profile target are established, the profile target supersedes the horizontal target. To close the bottom of the subgrade improvement surface, the Subgrade improvement closure link slope is used to define the slope of the link that extends upward to the intersection with the subgrade (datum surface). If a value of 0 is used for the Subgrade improvement close link slope, a near vertical link will be drawn from the subgrade improvement layer to the subgrade.

When Show subgrade improvement foreslope is yes, then the subgrade improvement foreslope is drawn, extending from the subgrade shoulder point at a slope defined by the Method to set subgrade improvement foreslope (and accompanying logic) to the intersection with a temporary projection of the bottom of the subgrade improvement.

Widening option

The subassembly can be use in rehabilitation scenarios, where the base layers or subgrade (datum) layer is widened outside the existing roadway surface. To enable the widening option, set the Include surface widening pointsparameter to "Yes". The subassembly will function the same, but now it will include points at the intersection of each base layer and the target surface. The point can then be used as the beginning location of each base surface layer in the widening area.

The attachment point is at the inside edge of the paved shoulder, which is typically at the outside edge of the traveled way.

In layout mode, this subassembly displays the links comprising the shoulder for a normal crown roadway situation, using User defined slopes for all layers. This allows the user to preview various scenarios using the User defined slope options.

Info: All dimensions are in feet unless otherwise noted. All slopes are in run-over-rise form (for example 4:1) unless indicated as a percent slope with a "%" sign.

Parameter Description Type Default
Side Specifies which side to place the subassembly. Left/Right Right
Paved width Width of the paved portion of the Shoulder. Numeric, Positive 3.0 ft.
Unpaved width Unpaved width of the shoulder from the paved shoulder to the shoulder hinge point. Numeric, Positive 3.0 ft.
Pavement thickness Thickness of the paved shoulder. Numeric, Positive 4.5 inches
Adjacent lane pavement thickness Thickness of the pavement on the lane adjacent to shoulder. This thickness defines the depth to the top of the Base1 layer. Numeric, Positive, non-zero 4.5 inches
Base1 thickness Thickness of Base1 layer Numeric, Positive 12 inches
Base2 thickness Thickness of Base2 layer Numeric, Positive 0 inches
Subbase thickness Thickness of Subbase layer Numeric, Positive 0 inches
Subgrade improvement thickness Thickness of subgrade improvement layer Numeric, Positive 0 inches
Subgrade improvement width Width of the subgrade improvement layer measured from the subassembly origin. Entry of zero matches the width of the shoulder. Numeric, Positive 0 ft.
Subgrade improvement closure link slope Slope of link that extends upward from the end point of the bottom of the subgrade improvement surface to the intersection with the subgrade. Slope, Positive 0:1
Use 3 inch aggregate Use 3 inch Aggregate input determines whether the optional 3" of ¾" Aggregate is placed on the foreslope of the shoulder, from the bottom of the ¾" base layer adjacent to the paved shoulder to the subgrade shoulder point as shown in WisDOT FDM 14-5-01 Yes/No No
Paved shoulder superelevation type Specifies whether the top surface of the paved shoulder should use superelevation rates defined for the baseline alignment if it exists, or a User defined Value.

List of options:

  • User defined
  • Use inside lane SE
  • Use outside lane SE
  • Use inside shoulder SE
  • Use outside shoulder SE
  • Use opposite inside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite inside shoulder SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside shoulder SE x -1
 Use outside lane SE
Unpaved shoulder superelevation type Specifies whether the top surface of the unpaved shoulder should use SE rates defined for the baseline alignment if it exists, or a User defined value. If Match paved shoulder is used, all other considerations are ignored and the slope of the UnPaved top surface of the shoulder will equal the slope of the Paved portion as determined by Paved shoulder superelevation type.

List of options:

  • Match paved shoulder
  • User defined
  • Use inside lane SE
  • Use outside lane SE
  • Use inside shoulder SE
  • Use outside shoulder SE
  • Use opposite inside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite inside shoulder SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside shoulder SE x -1
 Match paved shoulder
Paved shoulder slope Cross slope of the paved shoulder surface. This value is used in if Paved shoulder superelevation type is set to User defined, or if superelevation is not defined for the baseline alignment. Slope -2.0%
Unpaved shoulder slope Cross slope of the Unpaved shoulder surface. This value is used in if Unpaved shoulder superelevation type is set to User defined, or if superelevation is not defined for the baseline alignment. Slope -4.0%
Method to set shoulder foreslope Method to calculate the shoulder foreslope. If User defined is selected, the foreslope is determined by the Shoulder foreslope input parameter. If Slope from target profile elevation is selected, the elevation of a targeted profile is interpreted as a slope. If the target profile is not valid, the Shoulder foreslope input parameter value is used. If any of the superelevation options are chosen, the baseline superelevation is used to set the shoulder foreslope. If superelevation is not set for the baseline, the Shoulder foreslope input parameter is used.

List of options:

  • User defined
  • Slope from target profile elevation
  • Inside lane SE
  • Outside lane SE
  • Inside shoulder SE
  • Outside shoulder SE
 User defined
Shoulder foreslope Slope of the Foreslope of the shoulder which extends from the Shoulder Hinge Point to the Subgrade Shoulder Point. Slope, Positive 4:1
Show subgrade improvement foreslope The insertion of the subgrade improvement foreslope link, which is the foreslope link inserted after the Subgrade Shoulder Point, can be avoided by setting this parameter to No. Yes/No Yes
Method to set subgrade improvement foreslope Method to calculate the subgrade improvement foreslope. If User defined is selected, the foreslope is determined by the Subgrade improvement foreslope input parameter. If Slope from target profile elevation is selected, the elevation of a targeted profile is interpreted as a slope. If the target profile is not valid, the Subgrade improvement foreslope input parameter value is used. If any of the superelevation options are chosen, the baseline superelevation is used to set the shoulder foreslope. If superelevation is not set for the baseline, the Shoulder foreslope input parameter is used. If Follow shoulder foreslope is selected, the Subgrade improvement foreslope will always match the shoulder foreslope.

List of options:

  • User defined
  • Slope from target profile elevation
  • Inside lane SE
  • Outside lane SE
  • Inside shoulder SE
  • Outside shoulder SE
  • Follow shoulder foreslope
 Follow shoulder foreslope
Subgrade improvement foreslope Slope of the Subgrade improvement foreslope of the shoulder which extends from the Subgrade Shoulder Point to projected subgrade improvement layer. Slope, Positive 4:1
Subgrade superelevation method Specifies the method used to determine the slope of the subgrade (datum) surface. Use the opposite side SE x -1, results in the subgrade surface slope being equal to Superelevation Slope defined for the baseline on the side opposite the insertion side, multiplied by -1.0. If Match Paved Shoulder or Match Unpaved Shoulder is selected, the Subgrade will be parallel to the top of shoulder surface as determined by Paved shoulder superelevation type or Unpaved shoulder superelevation type. Selecting User defined applies the slope specified the or the Subgrade slope input parameter

List of options:

  • Use inside lane SE
  • Use outside lane SE
  • Use inside shoulder SE
  • Use outside shoulder SE
  • Use opposite inside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite inside shoulder SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside shoulder SE x -1
  • Match paved shoulder
  • Match unpaved shoulder
  • User defined
 Use Outside Lane SE
Subgrade slope Fixed cross slope of the subgrade (datum) surface. This value is used if User defined is selected as the Subgrade superelevation type or superelevation is not specified for the baseline alignment. Slope -2%
Base layer slope method When multiple base layers exist, entry determines how the base layers are sloped.

List of options:

  • User defined
  • Use inside lane SE
  • Use outside lane SE
  • Use inside shoulder SE
  • Use outside shoulder SE
  • Use opposite inside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite inside shoulder SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside shoulder SE x -1
  • Match subgrade
 Match subgrade
Base layer slope Slope value to be used when Base layer slope method is set to User defined. Value can (and should) be set by a parameter reference. Slope -2%
Max rollover rate Value is used to limit the maximum algebraic difference between the slope of the Paved or Unpaved Shoulder surfaces and the slope of the adjacent travel lane, also is used to limit the algebraic difference between the slope of the Paved Shoulder and Unpaved Shoulder surfaces. Rollover based shoulder rotation in superelevated sections is described in the Behavior section. Slope 7%
Method to obtain slope of adjacent lane Specifies the method to use to determine the slope of the adjacent lane.When using Outside or Inside Lane SE of the insertion side, or the opposite side SE multiplied by -1.0, the SE rate that is used is that which is defined for the baseline. User defined slope will automatically be used when no baseline SE is defined. This parameter controls the slope of link "L4" which is the extension of the bottom of adjacent pavement or the extension of the bottom of adjacent paved shoulder.

List of options:

  • User defined
  • Use inside lane SE
  • Use outside lane SE
  • Use inside shoulder SE
  • Use outside shoulder SE
  • Use opposite inside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside lane SE x -1
  • Use opposite inside shoulder SE x -1
  • Use opposite outside shoulder SE x -1
 Use outside lane SE
Slope of adjacent lane Slope value to be used when calculating rollover and Method to Obtain Slope of Adjacent Lane is set to User defined. Value can (and should) be set by a parameter reference. Slope -2%
Include surface widening points When set to "yes" a point is created at the intersection of each base layer and the target surface. This point becomes the beginning surface point for a shoulder widening. Yes/No No

This section lists the parameters in this subassembly that can be mapped to a target object such as a surface, alignment, or profile object in a drawing. For more information, see Setting and Editing Targets in the AutoCAD Civil 3D User's Guide Help.

Parameter Description Status
Paved width Object that defines the horizontal location of the edge of the paved portion of the shoulder.The following object types can be used as targets for specifying the width:alignments, polylines, feature lines, or survey features. Optional
Unpaved width Object that defines the horizontal location of the shoulder hinge point.The following object types can be used as targets for specifying the width:alignments, polylines, feature lines, or survey features. Optional
Subgrade improvement width Object that defines the horizontal location of the end of the subgrade improvement.The following object types can be used as targets for specifying the width:alignments, polylines, feature lines, or survey features. Optional
Paved shoulder slope from profile May be used to set the paved shoulder slope by interpreting the elevation of an object as a slope. The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional
Unpaved shoulder slope from profile May be used to set the unpaved shoulder slope by interpreting the elevation of an object as a slope. The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional
Subgrade slope from profile May be used to set the subgrade slope by interpreting the elevation of an object as a slope. The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional
Foreslope from profile May be used to set the shoulder foreslope by interpreting the elevation of an object as a slope.The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional
Subgrade improvement foreslope from profile May be used to set the subgrade improvement foreslope by interpreting the elevation of an object as a slope.The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional
Paved width from profile May be used to set the paved shoulder width by interpreting the elevation of the object as a width. The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional
Unpaved width from profile May be used to set the unpaved shoulder width by interpreting the elevation of the object as a width. The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional
Subgrade improvement width from profile May be used to set the subgrade improvement width by interpreting the elevation of the object as a width. The following object types can be used as targets for specifying this elevation:profiles, 3D polylines, feature lines, or survey figures. Optional

Parameter Description Type
Shoulder foreslope[Output] Slope of the link from the edge of shoulder to the subgrade shoulder point. Upward slope is positive, downward slope is negative. Slope
Absolute value shoulder foreslope Slope of the link from the edge of shoulder to the subgrade shoulder point. Expressed as a positive value regardless of slope direction. Slope
Subgrade improvement foreslope [Output] Slope of the link from the subgrade shoulder point to the projection of the subgrade improvement layer. Upward slope is positive, downward slope is negative. Slope
Absolute value subgrade improvement foreslope [Output] Slope of the link from the subgrade shoulder point to the projection of the subgrade improvement layer. Expressed as a positive value regardless of slope direction. Slope

Use 3 inch aggregate set to Yes

Use 3 inch aggregate set to No
Point/Link/Shape Codes Description
P1 Uncoded Origin (top inside edge of shoulder)
P2 EPS Edge of paved shoulder, finish grade
P3 ES Edge of gravel Shoulder; outer edge of Unpaved portions of shoulder on finished grade
P4 Uncoded Bottom of paved shoulder at inside edge
P5 EPS_ShldPave1 Bottom of edge of paved shoulder
P6 Uncoded Bottom of adjacent pavement edge
P8 ES_Pave1 Edge of shoulder on Pave1 Layer
P9 Uncoded Inside edge of shoulder on bottom of Base1 layer
P10 ES_Base1 Edge of shoulder on bottom of Base1 layer
P11 Uncoded Inside edge of shoulder on bottom of Base2 layer
P12 ES_Base2 Edge of shoulder on bottom of Base2 layer
P13 Uncoded Inside edge of shoulder bottom of subbase layer (datum)
P14 Daylight_Sub Subgrade shoulder point
P15 Uncoded Inside edge of shoulder bottom of subgrade improvement layer
P16 Daylight_SGImp End of subgrade improvement foreslope
P17 ES_SGImp Outside edge of subgrade improvement layer
P18 SGImp_Int Intersection of subgrade improvement closure link and subgrade (datum)
P114 Uncoded Bottom of ¾" base on foreslope at subgrade
P206 Pave1_Wisen Intersection of Pave1 layer with target surface
P209 Base1_Widen Intersection of Base1 layer with target surface
P211 Base2_Widen Intersection of Base2 layer with target surface
P213 Datum_Widen Intersection of Datum layer with target surface
L1 Top,ShldPaved Finish grade of the paved shoulder
L2 Top,ShldUnpaved Finish grade of unpaved shoulder
L3 ShldPave1 Bottom of paved shoulder
L4 Pave1 Bottom of adjacent pavement
L5 Base1 Bottom of the first base layer
L6 Base2 Bottom of second base layer
L7 Datum Bottom of lowest base layer
L8 SGImp Bottom of subgrade improvement
L9 Datum Bottom of lowest base layer outside of the subgrade improvement intercept
L10 SGImp Subgrade improvement closure link
L11-L14 Top,BaseFslp Foreslope of base layers
L15 Top,SGImpFslp Subgrade improvement foreslope link
L16 Top,BaseFslp Top of ¾" aggregate foreslope
L100 Pave_Edge_In Inside edge of pavement
L101 Pave_Edge_Out Outside edge of pavement
L102-L106 Base_Edge Inside edge of base layers
L108 Datum Bottom ¾ inch aggregate foreslope at subgrade
S1 ShldPave1 Paved shoulder
S2 Base Base layer under paved shoulder and adjacent to lane pavement
S3 Base1 First base layer
S4 Base2 Second base layer
S5 Subbase Subbase layer
S6 SGImp Subgrade improvement layer